- نويسنده Afsaneh Shafiee
- نام نشريه
Journal of trade and Industrial Policies
- كد نشريه
NA-05-XXX-233
- زمان انتشار
شهريور 1405
- شماره نشريه
Volume 1, No. 1, Spring & Summer 2026
- صاحب امتياز
Institute for Trade Studies and Research
- زبان
English
This article interprets production-related pressures in Iranian manufacturing through a multilevel resilience framework encompassing firm-level conditions, sectoral variation, and macro- institutional constraints. Drawing on secondary data from official statistical sources and manufacturing Purchasing Managers’ Index (PMI) indicators, the study adopts a descriptive and diagnostic approach rather than a causal one. The evidence indicates that recent manufacturing conditions in Iran have been characterized by rising input prices, weak raw-material inventories, liquidity constraints, foreignexchange pressures, regulatory instability, and energy-related disruptions. Sectoral evidence further points to uneven industrial conditions, with PMI outcomes varying across industries. These differences may be associated with variation in supply-chain structure, import dependence, and exposure to infrastructural stress, although the available data do not permit direct testing of such relationships. At the macro level, the findings suggest the coexistence of fiscal pressure, shortterm financing patterns, and unstable institutional and energy conditions that shape the broader environment in which industrial production takes place. Taken together, these patterns may be interpreted as more consistent with survival-oriented adjustment than with clearly demonstrated strategic resilience. The article therefore offers a conceptually informed and descriptively grounded interpretation of industrial resilience as a multilevel phenomenon, while recognizing the limits of the available evidence for establishing causal effects or cross-level interactions.